Khat – What It Is, How People Use It, and Why You Should Care

If you’ve ever heard the word “khat” and wondered what it means, you’re not alone. Khat is a leafy plant that grows in East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. People chew its fresh leaves for a mild stimulant effect, similar to a strong cup of coffee but lasting longer.

The habit started centuries ago as a social ritual. Today, it’s still common in countries like Ethiopia, Kenya, Yemen, and Saudi Arabia. Chewing sessions can last several hours, during which users feel more talkative, energetic, and focused. The key chemicals are cathinone and cathine – natural compounds that act on the brain’s dopamine system.

How Khat Is Consumed

Khat isn’t brewed into a tea or smoked; the fresh leaves are simply pulled apart and chewed like gum. Users often keep a small bundle in their hand, pulling out fresh twigs every few minutes. The juice drips onto the cheek, so you’ll notice a slight staining if you try it.

Most people swallow some of the juice, but many spit it out to avoid stomach upset. The experience is usually described as a “buzz” that builds over 30‑45 minutes and can last up to six hours. Some users pair khat with sugary drinks or snacks to keep their energy up.

Health Impacts of Chewing Khat

The stimulant effect can feel pleasant at first, but the downside shows up quickly. Regular chewers often report insomnia, anxiety, and irritability once the high fades. Because cathinone is similar to amphetamine, it can raise heart rate and blood pressure, which may be risky for people with cardiovascular problems.

Long‑term use has been linked to dental issues – the constant chewing wears down teeth and can cause gum recession. Some studies also point to digestive problems like gastritis or constipation. Women who chew heavily during pregnancy risk giving birth to low‑birth‑weight babies, so health agencies advise against it.

On the mental side, heavy users may develop dependence. They find it hard to stop without feeling withdrawal symptoms such as fatigue, depression, and cravings. However, many people use khat socially and never feel addicted.

Legal Status Around the World

Where you live determines whether you can legally chew khat. In most East African and Arabian nations it’s legal and even regulated. In contrast, Europe, North America, and Australia classify khat as a controlled substance because of its stimulant properties.

The United States lists khat under Schedule I, meaning it’s illegal to import, sell, or possess it. The UK moved khat from a “controlled drug” list in 2014, but many retailers still refuse to stock it due to the gray legal area. Canada and Germany have similar bans.

If you travel, check local customs rules before bringing any leaves. Getting caught with khat can lead to fines or even imprisonment in strict jurisdictions.

Should You Try Khat?

Deciding whether to try khat comes down to weighing the short‑term buzz against potential health and legal risks. If you have heart issues, anxiety disorders, or are pregnant, it’s safer to stay away. Even if you’re healthy, remember that chewing sessions can eat into your day and affect sleep.

For those curious about natural stimulants, coffee, tea, or moderate exercise often provide similar alertness without the legal headaches. If you do try khat, start with a tiny amount, monitor how you feel, and stop if you notice any unpleasant symptoms.

Bottom line: Khat is a cultural staple in some regions, but its stimulant effects come with real downsides. Knowing what it does to your body and where it’s legal helps you make an informed choice.